Chronic dermatitis: symptoms, treatment, photos, diet

Chronic dermatitis occurs as a result of prolonged exposure to negative factors that prevail over the inflammatory process.

The disease can occur both in adult patients and in children, manifesting itself as characteristic symptoms in the form of coarsening and peeling of the skin on any part of the body (face, arms, legs etc.).

Classification of chronic dermatitis

All types of chronic dermatitis, including atopic and allergic, have an exacerbation and a period of remission. Each form has its own characteristic features, but sometimes the disease can develop atypically. In this case, a number of laboratory examinations are required to confirm the diagnosis. Subsequently, on the basis of the data obtained, an individual treatment of the disease is carried out.

It is important to remember that for any skin manifestations on the hands, feet or face, you should seek the help of a specialist, especially if suspected atopic, seborrheic or eczematous dermatitis, which are most often observed in children and require individual approach. Each form has its own symptoms and a specific treatment algorithm.

The most common forms of chronic dermatitis are:

ALLERGIC FORM OF THE DISEASE. Allergic dermatitis is often referred to as "chronic contact dermatitis", as this terminology combines several inflammatory diseases that arise from direct contact with harmful substances. This disease requires a special diet.

Chronic contact dermatitis most often manifests itself on the face, hands, (pictured) hair, legs, etc. During visual inspection on these areas, if an allergic type of dermatitis is suspected, a special Attention.

Symptoms are expressed by hyperemia and compaction of the affected area, the appearance of a small-dot rash. Typically, allergic dermatitis primarily affects the legs, arms, face and behind the ears. There is severe itching of the skin. Atopic dermatitis in babies most often occurs in the face area. Symptoms of the disease in older children, as a rule, are localized in the ulnar and popliteal fossa.

In adult patients, allergic and atopic dermatitis with a chronic course involves the appointment of external glucocorticosteroids (Prednisolone, Locoid, etc.). For children, hormone therapy and to relieve the inflammatory process are prescribed external preparations of weak effect (Hydrocortisone, etc.). They relieve redness and swelling on the face, legs and arms. Hormone therapy should not last more than 7 days.

It is preferable to neutralize the symptoms of atopic disease with an anesthetic and antipruritic external agent "Losterin". Dexpanthenol and olive oil have a regenerating and wound healing effect in babies.

ATOPIC DERMATITIS. Chronic atopic dermatitis is an atopic disease that is observed most often in childhood and, in fact, is the body's response to a nonspecific stimulus. The symptomatology is characterized by individual characteristics in adult patients and the localization of the rash, mainly in the arms, legs and face.

Chronic atopic dermatitis in young children requires that the signs of the disease must be neutralized with the help of symptomatic therapy. In addition, treatment suggests that in the event that chronic itchy dermatitis develops, a special hypoallergenic diet should be followed.

Symptoms of this form are expressed by severe itching on the legs, arms, etc. There is an increased dryness of the skin, papular rashes, which then transform into plaques. In addition, atopic dermatitis can increase the capillary pattern and provoke significant detachment of the skin area, especially in elderly patients.

Treatment of chronic dermatitis in infants requires adjustments in the diet of a nursing woman. Diet is one of the important components in the therapy algorithm, along with drug treatment for children, regardless of whether there is an exacerbation of dermatitis or remission.

It is recommended to perform water procedures with emulsions, after which you can apply a moisturizing cream (Oylatum, Physiogel, etc.).

In addition, the chronic course involves the use of a short course of topical glucocorticosteroids (Elokom, Kutiveit, etc.). For children, the best option would be to use Pimafukort.

To prevent an exacerbation, antihistamines can be prescribed (Erius, Ksizal, Zodak, Ketotifen, etc.). In addition, chronic atopic and allergic dermatitis in children provides for the appointment of sorbents (Almagel, Atoksil and Polisorba).

EXEMATOUS. The chronic form of this disease is characterized by a gradual increase and has erased clinical symptoms, which have the ability to gradually replace each other.

The main symptoms are hyperemia and itching on the hands, feet, the appearance of watery blisters, which are subsequently filled with purulent-serous contents and opened up, forming extensive areas getting wet. Further, erosive eruptions are opened and covered with a scab, which can be removed independently and without a trace. It is important to note that, as a rule, the symptoms of the disease develop symmetrically.

As a result of the development of weeping areas on the hands, feet and face, treatment with local drugs and a hypoallergenic diet are prescribed. First of all, it is necessary to dry the skin with Delaskin, Boric acid, etc.

Systemic treatment of eczema in adult patients involves taking antihistamines (Suprastin, Erius, Tavegil, etc.). In the case of a secondary infection, antibiotic therapy is prescribed.

It is recommended to carry out hyposensitization of the body (especially when allergic dermatitis is observed), with calcium gluconate and sodium thiosulfate.

Given that the chronic form of the disease is accompanied by the addition of pathogenic microflora, the symptoms of eczema are removed with a three-component ointment (Triderm, Triakutan, etc.). These drugs contain antifungal and hormonal components.

CHRONIC COURSE OF SEBOREA DERMATITIS. Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic disease that periodically worsens. In adult patients, seborrheic dermatitis is most often activated in areas rich in sebaceous glands (on the head, face and between the shoulder blades).

Seborrheic dermatitis is accompanied by thickening of the affected skin areas, hyperemia of the affected area, unbearable itching and the formation of white scales. In addition, in children and adults, hair often falls out at the site of the lesion. Mild seborrheic dermatitis is characterized by dandruff and mild itching (pictured).

Chronic seborrheic dermatitis is recommended to be treated with topical preparations. On the face, as a rule, a three-component cream is used (treatment of facial symptoms with ointments is not recommended). Quite often, seborrheic dermatitis is accompanied by rashes on the mammary gland, in this case Pimafukort has an effective effect.

Treatment with systemic drugs involves antifungal agents (Itraconazole, Fluconazole and etc.), which are prescribed for a pronounced chronic course that does not respond to local therapy drugs. In addition, treatment with anti-seborrheic shampoos (Nizoral, Sebozol, etc.) can be prescribed, which destroy the fungus on the scalp.

Very often, seborrheic dermatitis can be triggered by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, so a special diet and combination of therapy with probiotics (Linex, Enterola, etc.) is recommended.

General symptoms of chronic dermatitis

Chronic dermatitis is the final stage of the painful process, therefore, it requires more complex treatment in accordance with the type and severity of symptoms.

The characteristic symptoms of the chronic form of dermatitis are manifested:

• the formation of a hyperemic rash on the face;
• peeling and itching on hands, feet, etc .;
• increased sensitivity of the epidermis, which is accompanied by severe pain;
• adult patients may be disturbed by joint pains and headaches;
• an increase in body temperature is often observed.

Skin lesions depend on the form of the disease and are simple, allergic and contact.

Diet for chronic dermatitis

Of great importance is a diet that limits the intake of foods that provoke an exacerbation.

The diet prohibits the use of the following foods:

• pastries, cakes, sweet drinks;
• semolina porridge, potatoes;
• rich pastries, jams and preserves;
• soft pasta;
• fried and fatty foods;
• the diet does not recommend the use of pickled, smoked and spicy foods, as they disrupt the digestive system, which leads to a violation of the microflora. In addition, the diet prohibits the addition of fast food (fast food) and alcoholic beverages to food. This can adversely affect the liver and require specific treatment.

Allowed Products:

• the diet recommends low-fat fish for consumption;
• dietary meat;
• squash, kelp;
• zucchini, pumpkin with a pale color;
• asparagus, broccoli.

For adult patients, it is recommended to consume a large amount of liquid, including herbal infusions, freshly squeezed juice, natural fruit drink, etc.

It must be remembered that complete elimination of a chronic disease is impossible, but timely treatment and prevention will prevent an exacerbation of the disease.