Itchy dermatitis: treatment with ointments and tablets, stages, causes

Itchy dermatitis is a heterogeneous disease (scabies, urticaria, atopic, seborrheic and allergic forms of dermatitis). Most often, it is allergic symptoms that cause the development of itchy dermatitis.

Itchy dermatitis is a group of diseases characterized by severe itching and the development of an inflammatory process in the superficial and deep layers of the skin. With this form of dermatitis, specific treatment is provided, aimed primarily at eliminating contact with allergens.

The reasons for the development of the disease

Factors affecting the occurrence of negative symptoms can be acquired and provoked.

Heredity is of great importance, as a result of which the risk of developing dermatitis in babies increases by 30-50%. In addition, the causes of the development of acute symptoms can be ultraviolet rays, with prolonged exposure to the open sun and allergens that are most often found in everyday life (ointments, food, animal waste products, medicines and etc.). Therefore, before prescribing treatment, it is important to determine the causes of dermatitis.

Itchy dermatitis can result from a weakened immune system and adverse environmental situations when the patient's body begins to react sharply and activate inflammatory processes in the body.

Sometimes an attack can be triggered by a stressful situation in which the body releases adrenaline into the blood as a defensive reaction, which only exacerbates the problem.

Stages of the disease

The disease has several stages:

1. ACUTE. Acute dermatitis is characterized by a sudden and severe course, during which symptoms of the disease appear shortly after exposure to allergens. As a rule, the symptoms of the inflammatory process are quickly removed after excluding contact with the allergen, as well as after drug intervention and the use of external agents (ointments, creams, gels).

Symptoms of the acute stage:

• unexpected appearance of erythema;
• rashes, accompanied by severe itching;
• papules are filled with serous contents, which, after opening, form oozing;
• dryness and flaking of the skin is noted.

As a rule, rashes disappear without a trace.

2. CHRONIC. Prolonged exposure to the irritant and the persistence of the pathogen of dermatitis in the body lead to the transition of the acute stage to the chronic one, which proceeds with various complications. Treatment of the chronic form is much more difficult than in the acute period and requires patience.

The characteristic symptoms are the appearance of hyperemic spots, which, after opening, begin to itch. An infection can get into the combs, then the inflammatory process is complicated. With such symptoms, long-term treatment is required, including both oral medications and ointments for external use.

3. WASTE. This stage is accompanied by pronounced itching of the skin. Patients with this form need mandatory prevention and supervision of an allergist, who will prescribe appropriate treatment and specific ointments. The most common subacute form occurs in asthma, atopic dermatitis and hay fever.

4. GENERALIZED. Generalized itchy dermatitis is rightfully considered the most severe form of the inflammatory process on the entire surface of the patient's body. He experiences severe itching and deterioration of the general condition.

On the part of the skin, it is noted:

• severe hyperemia;
• rough skin with thickening of the affected areas;
• there are swelling, peeling, dryness of the skin;
• the appearance of microtraumas is possible.

The generalized form of dermatitis can occur as a result of the use of certain medications drugs (penicillins and sulfonamides), for malignant neoplasms, allergies of various character.

General symptoms

Each form of inflammation has its own characteristic features. Depending on the result, differential diagnosis is carried out, however, all types of dermatitis are characterized by:

• hyperemia of the affected skin areas and mandatory rashes;
• intolerable itching, which intensifies as the attack of allergens and other irritants increases;
• dry skin;
• the occurrence of microtraumas as a result of scratching.

The severity of the disease is determined by the form of dermatitis and the activity of the irritating factor. It is important to remember that the symptoms of dermatitis can mimic other conditions, so it is important to establish an accurate diagnosis.

Diagnostics

Before starting drug therapy, it is necessary to conduct a diagnostic examination of the patient. There are specially created standards, depending on the preliminary diagnosis of the patient.

First of all, the history of the disease is found out and a visual examination of the patient is carried out. At this stage, little things are important (slight hyperthermia, drowsiness, sudden onset of a rash, etc.).

If the blood test shows an increased number of eosinophils, and the immunogram reveals increased IgE titers, then this indicates the allergic nature of the disease. In this case, it is necessary to conduct an additional skin test with the application of the suspected allergen. An individual treatment regimen is developed depending on the result obtained.

Treatment for itchy dermatitis

An effective fight against itchy dermatitis involves the appointment of the following groups of drugs:

• antihistamines aimed at suppressing histamine activity, which is the main mediator of the inflammatory process. These include Loratadin, Zodak, Cetirizin, Suprastin, etc. It is important to take into account the possible side effects that occur when taking some drugs in this group;
• enterosorbents (Polysorb, Enterosgel, etc.) are prescribed to remove toxic substances from the body;

• it should be borne in mind that acute dermatitis requires more aggressive treatment, and if a secondary infection, treatment with antibacterial and NSAIDs is recommended (Bactrim, Biseptol, Ibuprofen, etc.);
• with severe development of dermatitis, glucocorticosteroids are prescribed, which actively relieve the inflammatory process. Corticosteroids can be administered orally (Prednisolone, Dexamezatone, etc.) or in the form of an ointment (Beloderm, Advantan, Hydrocortisone ointment, etc.). Panthenol, Solcoseryl, etc. ointments have a good effect.

It must be remembered that chronic itchy dermatitis is much more difficult to cure, which is why it is so important timely sanitation of inflammatory foci in the body and early termination of contact with irritants substances. The treatment must be continued even if the symptoms of the disease have already disappeared!

Important! You cannot self-medicate. This contributes to the deterioration of the general condition of the body and the development of secondary complications. Symptoms of the disease are neutralized only after the appointment of the attending physician. Itchy dermatitis can be defeated when the treatment is carried out in a comprehensive manner. This approach will allow achieving long-term remission and minimizing the secondary manifestations of the disease.