Diseases of the bladder

The bladder is an organ, about 400 ml in volume, hollow inside and intended for accumulation of urine with the subsequent removal of it from the body. The bladder, like all other organs, is exposed to various diseases that can be both acquired and congenital.

Bladder exstrophy

This disease occurs due to defects in the anterior wall of the bladder and abdomen, in which the bladder is connected to the surface of the body and is an open vessel. The danger of such an abnormal kind of bladder is that it is open to various infections and when the latter occur, the upper part of the urinary system becomes inflamed. In chronic inflammation, the mucous membrane of the bladder becomes a surface with ulcers. This disease is complicated by the likelihood of adenocarcinoma, as well as cancer of the bladder.

Paracystitis

This disease occurs because of inflammation of the fatty tissue that is located near the bladder. When the disease occurs, the temperature rises to 40 degrees, there is a swelling in the pubic area and purulent poisoning. Urination is frequent and quite painful, in addition to pus, pus may be present in the urine( this is when the disease occurred as a result of rupture of an existing abscess inside the bladder or before it was cystitis).

Malacoplasia

The disease is inflammatory and characterized by the appearance of plaques about 3 cm in diameter, slightly elevated above the surface of the bladder mucosa. Plaques are brittle, soft and have a yellow color. If you look at them under a microscope, you can see that this is nothing more than an accumulation of foamy macrophages - the cells of our body. Mostly those who get immunosuppressors after transplantation are ill. The occurrence of such plaques can say that with a strong change in the mucous membrane of the bladder, the appearance of cancer can be provoked.

Neural and muscular dystrophy of the ureters

This disease is characterized by a change in the appearance of the ureter: it becomes a little longer and wider. At the same time, the dynamics of the ureter is disturbed, as well as its work - the ability to contract significantly decreases or disappears altogether.

Urinary incontinence

Such a bladder disease occurs in people of any gender, and completely at different ages and arises from the weakening of the muscle that holds the urine or because of the hyperactivity of the bladder. Sometimes the disease can occur as a result of the development of infections in the urinary system.

Cystitis

This disease has an infectious-inflammatory character and is localized usually on the mucous membrane of the bladder. Cystitis often appears in women and people of advanced age. In general, the way of the appearance of cystitis is infectious, but it is possible that it appears during hypothermia, pregnancy, sexual contact, etc. With such a disease of the urinary organ, there are rezi when trying to descend on a small one, urine leaves in portions, there is pain in the region of the pubic bone and sacrum, and also the appearance of turbid urine with an unpleasant odor and the inclusion of blood in the urine. Cystitis is of different strength, but regardless of this, it should be treated with antibiotics, otherwise the infection can spread and lead to pyelonephritis, inflammation of the genital organs.

Inverted papilloma

This bladder disease is characterized by the appearance of a benign tumor that resembles a polypoid nodule about 2.5 cm in diameter located in the mucosa of the bladder. Another symptom of the manifestation of the disease is a change in the growth of villi, covered with urothelium and having a stromal rod. Now they grow not in the cavity of the bladder, but in the mucous membrane.

Simple bubble ulcer

This disease is rare and is caused by a violation of the blood supply in the bladder due to septic thrombosis, the closure of a large vessel or the squeezing of vessels due to a flowing inflammatory process. Symptoms are the inclusion of blood in the urine, the occurrence of pain in the urinary organ and very frequent urination accompanied by pain.