Why there is a hemorrhage in the eye

Bleeding into the eye is a symptom that can occur with a lack of sleep and also infectiousDiseases, cardiovascular pathologies, for example, hypertension. More often the white membrane becomes red due to traumatic injury. The article deals with the causes and treatment of hemorrhage in the retina, sclera, vitreous body of the eye( pictured).Bleeding is accompanied by itching, pain, cuts, lacrimation, sensation of flies. Possible headache, nausea and vomiting as a result of increased blood pressure.

Types of hemorrhages

There are types:

1. Subconjunctival.
2. Blood outflow into the sclera.
3. Hyphema.
4. Hemophthalm.
5. Hemorrhage in the retina.

Subconjunctival hemorrhage is confined to the mucosa. The causes of hemorrhage in the sclera of the eye( trauma, surgery) are treated usually with conservative methods.

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Hyphema is usually the result of a nasal injury. The blood flows into the anterior chamber, between the cornea and the iris. Affects eyesight, causes severe pain.

Hemophthalm is a condition when blood is poured into the vitreous, and vision is clouded. Danger of a complete loss of vision. Urgent medical care is needed.

Blood flow into the mesh shell usually occurs with hypertensive crises, severe childbirth. The consequences are a complete or partial loss of vision.

Causes of bleeding in the eye

Bruising, that is, a violation of the integrity of the vessels with the appearance of red spots on them, arise for many reasons. And bleeding can affect different formations: sclera, conjunctiva, retina, vitreous. The reasons for such bruising are many:

1. Sleepless night. Sleep is necessary for the whole body, and for the eyes too. During sleep, the eyelids are closed, and the membrane protects the tear fluid. When there is a lack of sleep, often there are bursting vessels on the sclera that cause itching or rezi. Such violations are safe for eyesight.
2. Dry eye syndrome. It shows dryness, cuts, small hemorrhages. It is usually caused by vitamin A deficiency, oral contraceptive use or lacrimal gland diseases( blockage, autoimmune damage caused by Sjogren's disease).
3. Increased intracranial pressure and blood pressure. Increased blood pressure in hypertensive crises can cause one of the most dangerous hemorrhages - in the retina. At the same time, patients feel blurred vision.
4. Infectious diseases( leptospirosis, hepatitis).Leptospirosis can cause bruising in the conjunctiva and sclera. With hepatitis, the liver function is impaired - the regulation of blood coagulation, the synthesis of coagulation factors.
5. Diseases of the liver and pancreas.
6. Inflammatory processes: conjunctivitis, iridocyclitis, episcleritis, allergy.
7. Taking medications that reduce blood clotting( anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents).Injuries or surgeries, childbirth. In severe childbirth, there is a risk of detachment of the reticular membrane and the flow of blood. Injuries and surgeries can lead to all four types of hemorrhage.
8. Vascular disorders in rheumatoid diseases( vasculitis).
9. Diabetes mellitus. Deficiency of vitamin K, calcium, hemophilia.

Diseases of the digestive system

Hepatitis, cirrhosis, acute inflammation of the pancreas can provoke the appearance of red( injected) vessels on the sclera, conjunctiva, reticular membrane. When antibiotics are taken, the microbial composition of the intestine is broken, microorganisms synthesizing vitamin K are destroyed, which provides coagulation.

Inflammatory processes

Inflammation of the eye caused by bacteria, viruses, allergic reaction, leads to destruction of the vessels of the conjunctiva, sclera. In this case, possible resists, itching, lacrimation, the release of pus.

Taking medications for dilution of blood

It can lead to the appearance of bruising with drugs such as Acetylsalicylic acid, Heparin, Fraksiparin, Warfarin. These medications are used for thrombophlebitis, ischemic heart disease. Especially dangerous are they in the presence of increased pressure.

Vascular diseases, hemophilia

Systemic connective tissue diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, lead to vascular damage, including conjunctiva, sclera, retina. Hemophilia - hereditary diseases, usually linked to the sex. Reduction of blood clotting is possible and with a deficiency of vitamin K, calcium.

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Treatment of

What should I do if I have an eye hemorrhage? With such damages as hyphema and hemophthalmia, retinal damage, urgent medical care is needed for the ophthalmologist. A survey will be required for diagnosis, stopping bleeding.

Sometimes an ophthalmic operation is required, since with haemophthalmia and detachment of the reticular membrane, the probability of loss of vision is high. This will lead to disability.

In case of a bleeding in the eye, eye drops of potassium iodide are used. If vascular damage is caused by allergic or inflammatory processes, use is made of Sofrex, containing the antibiotic and anti-inflammatory hormone glucocorticoid dexamethasone.

Treatment of follicular hemorrhage in the eye:

1. Decoction of chicory roots. It is applied both inside and outside( application of lotions).First, the roots are boiled, then the broth is infused for 20 minutes.
2. Lotion with decoction of nettle, plantain.

Conclusion

Self-medication is dangerous to health. Prolonged delay in applying for medical help is fraught with loss of sight. Only a doctor can treat a retinal lesion and bleeding anterior chamber - hyphema, hemophthalmos.